Mortising machine



1930- M. D. BALDWIN ET AL 1,748,325

MORTISING MACHINE Filed N V- 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l \noenTom aHeloinDBuluin I (\rmen 5. KmkJlgL & Thomas (muick Fatentecl Feb. 25,1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MELVIN 1).BALDWIN, ARMEN s. KURKJIAN,AND THOMAS R. nnn'wrcn, OF ammo RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS 'IO OLIVERMACHINERY COMPANY, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGANMORTISING MACHINE Application filed November 5, 1928. Serial No.317,216.,

'This invention relates toa mortising machine for cutting mortises inwood, and 1s particularly concerned with a machine wherein a greatvariety of types of mortises can be cut either in a straight line or ina curved line at different elevations and of difierent depths; In factthe machine is one which is substantially Universal in its ability tocut mortises of any desired typeor character.

The embodiment of the invention which a we have made is illustrated ascutting morf machine.

tises in curved bars such as are used in the manufacture of automobllebodies, wherein it is necessary that the mortises receiving tenons atthe ends of crossslats shall be cut'in the arc of a circle or in the arcof the curve of the side members between which connecting cross slatsare located. It is, however, to be understood that the machine is notlimited in its use and operation to any one type of work. I I

' An understanding of the invention may be hadjfrom the followingdescription taken in connection with "the accompanying drawings, inwhich, I

Fig-1 is a perspective view illustrating the curved member of'wood inwhich mortises may be cuton'the machine of our invention. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of the mortising Fig. '3 is a fragmentary enlarged sideelevation and longitudinal vertical section, the

.. plane ofthe section beingtakenwithinone side of the machine. Fig. 4is a transverse vertical section through the machine. 1

Fig. is a section through the construction illustrated inFig. 6, theplane of the section beingxsubstantially at right angles to that in'Fig.6,and,' l Y -Fig. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged transverse verticalsection throughthe motor mountings used on the machine. 1

Like reference characters refer to like parts inthe different figures ofthe drawings.

In the construction of'the machine a lower supporting frame is providedhaving spaced apart vertical sides'l connected by vertical ends 2 which,at their upper edges, are formed with horizontal guides 3 on which themajor portion of the mechanism is mounted for lateral reciprocatorymovements between the sides of the machine. To each side 1 of the framea plurality of spaced apart vertical brackets 4 are rigidly connected,serving to support a longitudinal horizontal table 5 at each side of themachine which in turn supports a-jig 6 resting above and on each table.With the form of work as illustrated in Fig. 1 the jig is an elongatedmember having a concave upper side shapedthat the work may fitthereagainst. A plurality of spaced apart brackets 7 are attached to theouter side of each jig 6 and are curved upwardly and over the same,carrying screw clamps 8 by means of which the work, namely, the woodbars 9, may be securely yet releasably clamped to the upper sides of thejigs.

Above the lower frame of the machine is a horizontal rectangular frame10 of metal having spaced apart sides connected by cross members 11which extend below the sides of the frame and are shaped to engage withthe guides 3 on the ends 2 of the lower frame. A

drive shaft 12 extends between said sides 2 and is driven at low speedfrom a motor 13, suitable reduction gearing being housed within thehousing 14 between the motor and the shaft. A second shaft 15 is mountedabove the drive shaft 12 and is driventh'erefrom through interposedgears 16- At one end of the shaft is a disk 17, diametrically slottedwith a T-slot 17 for the adjustable connection of a link 18 at one endin said slot which at its other end connects to 'an arm or bracket 19extending downwardly from the frame 10. It is evident that in theoperation of the machine said frame 10 is movable laterally back andforth on the sides 2 of the lower supporting frame and that the extentof movement is governed by the connec-. tion of one end of the link 18to the disk 17, having a greater range of movement the farther out theend of the link 18 is from the center of the disk 17.

Each of the sides of the laterally movable frame 10 has a T-slot 20 outlengthwise thereof in its upper side. A plurality of supports, one foreach of the mortising units of the machine, are located across andbetween said sides of frame 10, each having combined 3 guides andbrackets 21 at their sides connected by a rack member 22, and the sameare adjustably mounted on said sides 10 by T-bolts 23 passing throughthe brackets 21'and having their heads located in the slots 20, wherebysaid supports may be'adjusted to various positions in the length of thesides of the laterially movable frame. On each of the supports describeda vertically adjustable mem ber 24 is mounted for vertical adjustmentbetween the guides 21 and at one side of the back 22. Each of saidmembers 24 at its upper side and at each end carries an up wardlyprojecting side car 25. A lug 26 en vtends horizontally from the member24 thru .a slottedopening in the back 22 (see Fig. 5)

amen adjusting screw 27 is mounted on said back 22 and threads throughthe lug 26,

whereby any member 22'and the'mortising device carried thereby, as w1lllater appear,

may be vertically adjusted to different positions.

Between the ears of each of said members24 a table 28 is located, formedat its upper side with spaced apart dovetailed horizontal guides 29which are located at right angles to the length of the table 28. At eachend and at the lowerportion of the table downwardly extending ears 30are provided which lie against the inner sides of the ears 25. A pin andslot connection, such as indicated at 31, is made between the ears 3()and 25 whereby the table 28 may be adjusted about the axis of shaft 32which passes through said ears 25 and the ends of the {table andprovides an adjustable mounting forthe table on said ears. The pinswhich pass through the slots in said pin and slot connection 31 are setscrews which are tightened to hold the table in any position towhich ithas been adjusted; I

An electric motor 33 is located aboveand fmovably mounted on the guides29 of the table28, the motor housing being formed at its lower side w thcooperating guides 29 (see Fig. 6) one of which is aglb, loosened andtightened by means of set screws 29 whereby the motors of one or moreunits, in certain operations of the machine, may be secured againstmovement with respect to their tables 28 on which they are slidablymounted. The motor is located so that its shaft is parallel to thelength of the table 28 and transverse of guides. 29. The motor shaft 34extends beyond each end of the motor dependently adjustable to differentpositions.

side of the laterally movable frame 10 de- 7 scribed over which saidshafts extend, spaced apart guides 38, (see'Fig. 3) areatt ached inwhich an elongated bar 39 is slidably mountedfor reciprocatorymovements. At each side of the bar a T -slot 40 is out. An arm "41 issecured to the outer end of each of the shafts 32, is longitudinallyslotted at its free end for a distance and is adjustably connectedto oneend of a link 42, the opposite end of which has an adjustable connectionwith the reciprocating bar 39 through suitable T'-bolts received in theT-slots40, alternate links 42 being connected at opposite sides ofbar39.An electric motor 43 is carried betweenthe sides of the laterallymovable frame 10 and through a suitable connecting shaft- 44, drives adisk 45 diametrically slotted as shown at 45 for the adjustableconnection of a crank arm 46 therewith at one end, the opposite endhaving pivotal connection to the adjacent end of the reciprocating bar39. It is evident that when the motor 43 isoperating the bar 39 isreciprocated and the length of stroke thereof is dependent upon thedistance that the end of the crank arm 46 is adjusted from the center ofthe disk 45; and the stroke can be varied and made of greater or lesslength as desired. 7 7 The electric motor 43 has asso' ciated therewiththe usual electrical control devices housedwithin a housing or control 7if the mortises are to be placed closerto either the upper or lowersides of the work, tyo I crating the adjusting. screws 2'?" each of themortising tools may be adjustedto desired positions; and as suchadjustmentof each motor in a vertical direction is independent of theother the mortises may be formed in the side edges of the bars 9 at anydesired levels.

WVith the motors 13 and 43 running and, of course, the mortising motors33 also operating, there is a continuous back and forth lateral movementof the lower frame 10 on the ends 2 of the stationary supporting frame.This movement carries the mortising tools 35 on the machine toward oneof the bars 9,

for instance, the one at the left shown in Flg. 4. ,The reciprocatingbar 39 is moved adjustments of the mortising units whereby the same maybe tilted to different angles to the vertical, as best shown inFig. v3,combined with the ability to vertically adjust each one independently,it iscpossible to cut the mortises in the curved bar 9 so that themortises from one end of the bar to the other are located in an aresimilar to the arc of curva ture of the work. It is further evident thatby disconnecting any link 42 from the bar 89 and tightening the gib 29,used with the mortising machine which is thus disconnected from thebar39, such mortising unit will not cut 'a'long mortise but will merelybore a hole in the side of the work 9. It is further evident that theadjustable connection of the links 42 with the arms 41 make it possibleto individually .set each unit for a desired length of mortise andtthemortises do not all have to be of the same length merely because the bar39 has the fixed reciprocatory movements. The vdepths of the mortisesmay also be controlled by the-connection of link 18 to the disk:17.

In fact, with this machine it is possible to cut practicallyany and alldesired mortises in the side of a piece of work, alining them or placingthem ona curve, or locating them in different vertical planes, makingthem of the same or different lengths, and boring straight holes withanyone or more of the mortising units without cutting a longmortise. And,ofcourse, by vusing different jigs 6. at the sides ofthe machine differentshapes of work maybe takencare of thereon.v I The lateralareciprocatorymovement of the frame 10'takes the mortising tools 35 first into Iengagement with one of the'bars 9 tocut the mortises 49 therein andafterward moves the mortising units sofas to bring thetools 35 at theiropposite side into engagement w th the other bar 9. A manlocated at eachslde .of the machine takes care of the work, remov- .ing that which hasbeen finished during the period that thework is being done on the bar 9at the'oppositeside of the machine and clamping a new bar in placebefore the movethemovement of the frame 10 which is con-' trolledthrough the adjustable connection of thelink 8vto the disk 17 e Althoughthis machinehas been shown and described with itsparts in a horizontalplane andother members inother planes, it is to be understood that suchan arrangement is not essential and that the device can be readily madeand operated with its members in other planes than those shown anddescribed. Therefore, the specification of the arrangement of the partsin certain planes is to be understood as having only a relative meanmg.

From the foregoing it is apparent that we have invented a very practicaluniversal mortising machine. The many types of work which can be donewith the machine have been fully outlined. In practice the machine hasproved exceptionally satisfactory for quantity low cost production work.Theinvention is defined in the appended claims and is to be consideredcomprehensive of all forms of structure coming within their scope.

We claim:

1. A mortising machine comprising, a mortising unit including ahorizontal shaft to the end of which a mortising tool is adapted to besecured, a table on which the unit is mounted for reciprocation in adirection transverse to the length of the shaft, a horizontal rock shafton which the table is mounted for tilting adjustments, rack and pinionconnections between the unit and said shaft, means for rocking saidshaft, a support for said table, and means for angularly adjusting thetable with respect to the support about the axis of the rock shaft.

2. In a mortising machine, amortising unit including a vertical guide, asupporting member vertically adjustable on said guide, a rock shaftcarried at the upper end of the guide, a table tiltably mounted on therock shaft, a

shaft carrier slidably mounted at the upper side of the table formovement transverse to the rock shaft, rack and gear connections betweenthe shaft carrier and the rock shaft for reciprocating said shaftcarrier when the shaft is rocked, a mortising tool shaft for said shaftcarrier projecting to'one side thereof;

and a mortising tool secured to and projecting from an end of saidshaft.

3. A construction containing the elements in combination defined inclaim 2, combined with a horizontal bar mounted for reciprocation at oneside of the mortising unit, means for reciprocating said bar, andconnections between the rock shaft and bar for rockingthe shaft fromsaid bar.

I 4. In a mortising machine, a horizontal frame, a plurality of spacedapart vertical guides on said frame, a support mounted for verticaladjustment on each of said guides, a horizontal rock shaft carried atthe upper end of said support, a table tiltably mounted on said shaftand adjustable to different'posi- ,tions thereon, a shaft carrierslidably mounted at the upper side of the table for movements transverseto the rock shaft, a mortising tool shaft on said shaft carrier, amortising tool connected to and extending from one reciprocable barmounted alongside of said end ofthe shaft, rack and gear connectionsbetween the rockshaft and shaft carrier, a horizohtalloar mounted forreciprocation :at one side of all the mortising units, connectionsbetween the rockshafts and saidbar for rocking all of said shafts onreciprocation of the bar, and means forreciprocat-ing said bar.

5. A mortising machine comprising a support, a horizontal frame mountedon said support for movements back and forth 'transverse'of the lengththereof, means for moving said frame back and forth on its support, aplurality of mortising units mounted at spaced apart points on theframe, means'for individually adjusting said units vertically, each ofsaid units including a shaft and a mortising tool connected to andprojecting from the shaft, means for individually tilting said units todifferent positions about horizontal axes parallel to said shafts andlocated below the same, and means for mounting said units for back andforth movements in directions parallel to the length of said frame.

6. In a mortising machine, a mortising unit comprising, a Verticalguide, a Vertical support adjustably mounted on said guide, a horizontalrock shaft mounted at the upper end of the support, a table mounted onsaid rock shaft for tilting movement, means to secure the table in anyposition with respect to the support to which it is tilted, a shaftcarrier having a mortising tool shaft and slidablymounted at the upperend of the table for movements transverse to the axis of its shaft, rackand gear connectionsbetween the shaft carrier and the rock shaft, an armconnected to one end of the rock shaft, a horizontally vertical guide,meansfor reciprocating the bar and a link connection between said barand the end of saidarm. I

-7. A mortising machine comprising, a support, an elongated frameslidably mounted on said support; for reciprocating movements transverseof the length of the support, a

1 andadjustable to different heights, a horizontal rock shaft mounted atthe upper end of each-vertical support, atabletiltably mount- 7 ed oneach rock shaft, means for securing each table at any position towhichit may be tilted with respect to its vertical support, a shaftcarrier having -a mortising tool shaft and slidably mounted on and aboveeach table for movement in a direction transverse to the length thereof,a rack at the under side ofthe shaft'carrier,a gear on the rockshaft'meshing with said rack, anarm secured to andextending'idownwardlyfrom an end of each rock shaft, a bar slidablymounted on said frame lengthwise thereof at oneisideofallrofsaidvertical guide's, means for reciprocating the bar, and links, oneforjleach arm, vrelea'sabl'y andadjustably connected toisaidreciprocating bar at one end and to said :arms at their other ends.

8. In a mortising machine, a verticalguide, a verticalsupport mountedfor vertical adjustment thereon, means for adjusting the supportvertically, a horizontal rock shafts of the length of the table, arackon the under:

side of the shaft carrier, a pinion on the rock shaft meshing therewith,an arm connected to'an'end of the rock shaft, said arm having linkadjustably connected at one end tothe slotted end of the arm, areciprocating bar, means to reciprocate the same, releasable connectionsfor securing the other end of said link to the bar and a mortising toolconnected with: and projecting outwardly from theend of the shaft of theshaft carrier.

'9. Ina mortising machine, a support,y;a horizontal elongated framemounted forireciprocatory movements on .said support in a directiontransverse to its length, aplurality-of 'mortising. units carried aboveand transverse ofthe frame in spaced apart relation thereon, means foradjusting saidiunits individually to different positions in the lengthof the frame, means for reciprocating the frame on ltssupport, meansfor-adjust? 1 ing the extent of'reciprocatory movementvof said frame, ashaftcarrierl at the upper end a longitudinal slot adjacent its freeend, a a

of each mortising unit having a spindle shaft located'transversely ofthe length of'said frame, means for adjustingeach shaft carriervertically to 'dlfierent ;pos1t1ons,mean-s for adj ustably tiltingeach-shaftcarrierabout a horizontal axis, said axis being transverse ofthe length of the-'framepneans for mounting said shaft carrierforsreciprocatory'movements in a direction parallel to I the :length ofsaid frame, a mortising tool connected with V and "extending from: an:end of the spindle shaft, an operating bar' located'a-long onezside ofallof the=mortisingunits,releasable connections between the :same andsaid shaft carriers for reciprocating all of selected ones of saidshaftcarriers simultaneously, and adjustable, means included insaid'connections for-individually varying the extent of thereciprocatory movements of the shaft transverse to the length thereof, a:workholding device located at a longitudinal side of the machine, aplurality of mortising units mounted on said frame, means forindividually adjustlng said units in both horizontal and verticaldirections, a mortising tool shaft mounted for reciprocation in adirection transverse to its axis on each respective unit and extendingtoward said work holding device, means for individually tilting each ofsaid, units to adjust the plane in which its respective mortising toolshaft reciprocates,

a common actuating means for reciprocating all of said mortising toolshafts and 1nd1- vidual means for adjustably connecting each mortisingtool shaft with said common actuating means.

11. A mortising machine comprising, a support, a work holder mounted onsaid support, a frame mounted for reciprocation on said support in adirection toward and away from said work holder, a plurality of mor- Isaid support in a direction toward and away from said work holder, aplurality of mortising units mounted on said frame for individualadjustment toward or from each other, a mortising tool shaft mounted forreciprocation in a direction transverse to its axis on each respectiveunit, said shafts extending toward said work holder, actuating meanscarried by said frame and reciprocal therewith for reciprocating all ofsaid mortising tool shafts and individual connecting means between therespective mortising tool shafts and said actuating means, saidconnecting means being adjustably connected to said actuating meanswhereby the adjusted position of its respective unit is accommodated.

13. A- mortising machine comprising, a

support, a work holder mounted on said support, a frame mounted forreciprocation on said support ina direction toward and away fromsaidwork holder, a plurality of mortising units mounted on said frame forindividual adjustment toward or from each other, a mortising tool shaftmounted for reciprocation in a direction transverse to its axis on eachrespective unit, said shafts extending toward said work holder,actuating means carried by said frame and reciprocal therewith forreciprocating all of said mortising toolshafts and individual connectingmeans between the respective mortising tool shafts and said actuatingmeans, each connecting means being adjustably connected to a respectivemortising tool shaft to vary the reciprocation of said shaft relative tothe reciprocation of said actuating means.

14. A mortising machine comprising, a support, a work holder mounted onsaid support, a frame mounted for reciprocation on said support in adirection toward and away from said work holder, a plurality ofmortising units mounted on said frame for individual adjustment towardor from each other, a mortising tool shaft mounted for reciprocation ina direction transverse to its axis on each'respective unit, said shaftsextending to- Ward said work holder, actuating means carried by saidframe and reciprocal therewith for reciprocating all of said mortisingtool shafts and individual connecting means between the respectivemortising tool shafts and said actuating means, each connecting meansbeing adjustably connected to a respective mortising tool shaft to varythe reciprocation of said shaft relative to the reciprocation of saidactuating means, and each connecting means also being adjustablyconnected to said actuating means whereby the adjusted position of itsrespective unit is accommodated.

15. A mortising machine comprising, a plurality of spaced apartsubstantially vertically positioned mortising units, each including ahorizontal shaft anda mortising tool connected to and projecting from anend of the shaft, means for adjusting each unit individually in avertical direction, means for tilting each unit individually about ahorizontal axis parallel to its shaft, means for slidably mounting eachunit for movements in directions transverse to the axis of the shaft, asingle operating means for moving all of said units, means forreciprocating said operating means, releasable connections between saidoperating means and said units for slidably reciprocating the same, allof said mortising units being mounted in spaced apart relation on ahorizontal frame, and said operating means being also mounted on saidframe, a support for said frame on which the same is mounted for slidingmovements in a direction at right angles to the sliding movements ofsaid units, and means for reciprocating said frame on its supportsimultaneously with the operation of said units.

In testimony whereof we affix our signa tures.

MELVIN D. BALDWIN. ARMEN S. KURKJIAN. THOMAS R. RENWICK.

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